Final answer:
The correct matches are: a. immigrants to people who come to live in a new country, b. emigrants to people who leave their native country, c. population trend to changes in population over a period of time, and d. natural increase to the difference between the birth and death rate.
Step-by-step explanation:
Matching the words to their correct meanings in the context of demography and population studies involves understanding the terms immigrants, emigrants, population trend, and natural increase. An immigrant is a person who comes to live in a new country permanently. Conversely, an emigrant is an individual who leaves their native country to live elsewhere. The population trend refers to changes in the population size or composition over a period of time, which can be influenced by various factors including births, deaths, immigration, and emigration. Finally, natural increase represents the difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a population, not taking migration into account.
Therefore, the matching would be as follows:
- a. immigrants - 3. people who come to live in a new country
- b. emigrants - 2. people who leave their native country
- c. population trend - 1. changes in population over a period of time
- d. natural increase - 4. the difference between the birth and death rate
This understanding is crucial to demographic studies, which analyze how populations change and what factors contribute to such changes. Understanding the components of population growth and decline is important for predicting future demographic patterns and planning accordingly.