Final answer:
To reduce the hazard of lead-contaminated water in homes with old copper pipes and lead solder, it's crucial to replace lead-containing parts and ensure new lead-free soldering. Other preventive methods include running water before usage, installing certified water filters, and adhering to CDC guidelines for lead exposure reduction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Many old homes may have copper water pipes fitted with lead solder, which can pose a risk of lead contamination in drinking water. Lead poisoning is preventable and one of the most effective ways is to replace the lead-containing parts of the plumbing system. If the water pipes leading into a house are made of lead, hiring a plumber to replace these pipes with copper pipes, even if copper pipes are joined with iron pipes in the rest of the plumbing, is a critical step towards reducing the risk of lead poisoning. While copper to iron pipe joints can result in rapid corrosion, it is a trade-off that may be necessary depending on the urgency to eliminate lead exposure. It's also vital to make sure that any new solder used is lead-free.
In the instance of lead poisoning events, such as the Flint Michigan Water Crisis, the dangers have become more apparent, highlighting the importance of addressing this issue in homes with older plumbing. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and other organizations recommend several measures to prevent lead poisoning, such as regular monitoring and improved ventilation at workplaces, removal of lead-based paints, and state and national policies banning lead in various products. In addition, for high levels of lead contamination, chelation therapy is a medical treatment used to remove lead from the body.
To reduce the hazard of lead-contaminated water economically, homeowners can take several steps. These include running cold water for several minutes before using it for drinking or cooking, especially if the water has not been used for several hours, as this can flush out the lead that might have leached into the water. Another measure is to use water filters that are certified to remove lead. All these steps combined provide a reasonable and economical way to reduce the hazard of lead-contaminated water without immediately replacing all the plumbing in the home.