Final answer:
The English defeated the Spanish Armada, Hernando Cortes conquered the Incan empire, and explorations by Giovanni Verrazano and Jacques Cartier resulted in French claims in North America.
Step-by-step explanation:
Out of the options given, the following statements are true:
- The English defeated the Spanish Armada in 1587
- Hernando Cortes conquered the Incan empire in South America
- Explorations by Giovanni Verrazano and Jacques Cartier resulted in French land claims in North America
These events played significant roles in shaping the history and politics of the time. The defeat of the Spanish Armada marked a turning point in the rivalry between England and Spain, solidifying England's rise as a global power. Hernando Cortes' conquest of the Incan empire resulted in the Spanish gaining control over vast territories in South America. And the explorations by Giovanni Verrazano and Jacques Cartier contributed to French claims in North America, paving the way for future French colonization.