Final answer:
The menstrual taboo can be explained by the awkwardness it induces, as it doesn't fit predefined notions of blood loss, and its association with pregnancy and childbirth, which were considered impure in some cultural traditions. The taboo is perpetuated by patriarchal societies and the medicalization of women's bodies. Movements like Menstrual Hygiene Day are challenging these taboos, aiming to de-stigmatize menstruation.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Small (A Woman's Curse), the menstrual taboo found in many societies can be explained by the discomfort it produces as it transgresses conventional categories. Menstruation is a form of blood loss that does not indicate injury and is not visible, which challenges typical understandings of what blood signifies. This hidden nature of menstruation is linked to the potentially dangerous states of pregnancy and childbirth that have historically been considered contaminating and threatening to the purity of persons and objects. Cultural beliefs and social practices often exacerbate these taboos, with menstruation also becoming a part of the medicalization of women's bodies, redefined as a condition needing medical attention rather than a normal biological process.
The menstrual taboo is reinforced by patriarchal cultures, where traditional practices keep women in subordinate roles. The discrimination and challenges women face due to these traditional beliefs further perpetuate the taboo, as well as the silence and stigma surrounding menstruation. With global movements such as Menstrual Hygiene Day, awareness and advocacy efforts are increasing, challenging these longstanding taboos and promoting more inclusive and supportive attitudes towards menstruation.