Final answer:
While the main crop for subsistence farmers in Malawi is not explicitly stated in the reference material, maize is a primary staple crop in the region. Efforts to improve agricultural sustainability include practices like composting and crop diversification. The economy is heavily agricultural, with most exports being agricultural products.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Patten in "Malawi Versus the World Bank," the main crop of subsistence farmers in Malawi is not explicitly mentioned in the reference provided. However, it is known that subsistence farmers in Malawi typically rely on a few staple crops to feed their families. Considering the regional agricultural practices and the importance of maintaining food security, one of the primary crops for subsistence farming in the area is maize, which is a crucial staple food in Sub-Saharan Africa. Additionally, the information provided suggests that there are efforts to increase sustainability through composting, crop diversification, and organic pesticide production.
Malawi's economy is heavily reliant on agriculture, with most of its population living in rural areas and around 90 percent of the country's exports being agricultural products. The agricultural yields in many Sub-Saharan African countries, including Malawi, have been stagnating or falling, which is a significant issue contributing to food insecurity. This is despite the availability of technologies that could improve yields, such as hybrid crops and fertilizers, which have seen low adoption rates due to barriers like access to seeds and fertilizers.