Final answer:
The statement assigns a random integer between 1 and 100 to the variable x, using Python's random.randint function from the random module.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement x = random.randint(1, 100) is used in the Python programming language to generate a random integer. The random module contains a function called randint, which returns a random integer in the range specified by the two arguments, inclusive. In this case, when this line of code is executed, x will be assigned a random integer value between 1 and 100.