Final answer:
C. CMS or the State,
The Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) is jointly developed by CMS and the state. It is used to assess the care needs of nursing home residents and ensure they receive personalized care as per federal mandates.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) is developed by a collaboration between the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and the state. Therefore, the correct answer is C. CMS or the State. The RAI is part of the Minimum Data Set (MDS) used in nursing homes to assess the care needs of residents. It is a comprehensive assessment system that helps to ensure that residents receive individualized care. This assessment system is mandated by federal law and must be completed for all residents in Medicare or Medicaid certified nursing homes.