Final answer:
Modern quantum mechanics theory explains the behavior of electrons using the concept of wave-particle duality, with Louis de Broglie's hypothesis describing their wavelike properties. Atomic wavefunctions represent the probabilistic regions where electrons are likely to be found, which is integral to the chemical properties of the elements.
Step-by-step explanation:
Modern quantum mechanics theory explains and predicts the properties of electrons in terms of their wave characteristics. A significant concept in this theory is the wave-particle duality of electrons, which combines both particle-like and wave-like properties. According to Louis de Broglie's hypothesis, the wavelength of an electron can be described by Planck's constant divided by the product of the mass of the electron and its velocity. This is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that shapes our modern understanding of the atomic world. Atomic wavefunctions, or orbitals, reflect the probabilistic nature of the locations of electrons. Bohr's original model, which only applied to hydrogen atoms, was extended into quantum mechanics which applies to all atoms and provides a much deeper understanding of electrons' behavior and chemical properties of elements.