Final answer:
In science, an accepted summary of observed behaviors or properties is known as a scientific theory. These theories are well-substantiated explanations based on repeated observations and testing. They differ from scientific laws, which are specific descriptions often expressed as equations.
Step-by-step explanation:
In science, a summary of observed properties or behavior in nature that has been generally accepted is referred to as a scientific theory. A theory provides a comprehensive explanation for a range of observations and is supported by a significant body of evidence. Well-known examples include the atomic theory of matter and the theory of evolution. It's essential to understand that in the scientific community, a theory isn't just a guess or hypothesis but rather, it is a well-established explanation built upon repeated confirmation through observation and experimentation. Theories can also undergo change, but this process is arduous, involving a substantial amount of contradictory evidence.
A scientific law, on the other hand, describes the behavior of the natural world under specific conditions, often expressed mathematically. Laws predict what will happen in specific scenarios, whereas theories explain why those scenarios occur.
The advancement of science relies on the continuous observation and testing of these theories and laws to ensure they accurately represent our understanding of the natural world. Despite being approximate models of nature, they are rigorously tested and only modified or replaced when empirical evidence dictates.