Final answer:
The H-NMR chemical shift range for a carboxylic acid is typically between 10.5 and 12 ppm, with variations depending on molecular environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The H-NMR chemical shift range for a carboxylic acid is typically between 10.5 and 12 ppm (parts per million). This range can vary slightly depending on the specific molecular environment around the carboxylic acid group, such as the presence of electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituents which can affect the exact chemical shift observed. It's important to note that in H-NMR spectroscopy, the functional group of interest dictates the chemical shift range. For a carboxylic acid, the resonance for the carboxylic hydrogen (proton) appears downfield due to the electron-withdrawing nature of the carboxyl group. In contrast, aromatic protons typically resonate at a different range, usually between 7 and 8 ppm, as shown in experimental tables for aromatic proton shifts. These are distinct from the broad absorption you would see in an IR spectrum for the O-H stretching mode of a carboxylic acid, which serves as a complementary characteristic signal.