Final answer:
Effective security patrols can be both proactive and reactive, with tactics such as community-oriented policing and intensive foot patrols in high-crime areas being effective in reducing crime. Proactive efforts include relationship-building and preventative measures, while reactive patrols focus on responding to incidents.
Step-by-step explanation:
Effective security patrols can be either proactive or reactive. Proactive patrols anticipate potential incidents before they occur by maintaining visibility, engaging with the community, and deterring crime through presence and targeted actions. Reactive patrols respond to incidents as they happen, addressing immediate concerns and working towards resolving specific issues. The most effective patrols combine both proactive and reactive elements, adapting to situational needs while maintaining strategic goals such as crime reduction, community trust, and enhanced safety. For instance, community-oriented policing emphasizes building ties with the community, which contributes to increased police legitimacy and reduced crime rates. Additionally, tactics like intensive foot patrols in high-crime areas have been shown to reduce violent crime effectively. Crime prevention measures like neighborhood watch programs and better street lighting can also play a significant role in decreasing criminal activities. Technology, such as CCTV systems and police body cameras, can supplement traditional policing strategies by providing targeted surveillance and ensuring accountability, respectively.