Final answer:
Britain was the dominant coal producer during the 18th and late 19th century, with significant industrial advancements in the textile industry propelled by coal-derived steam power. However, by 1900, the United States and Germany began to overtake Britain as leading industrial nations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Throughout the 18th and into the late 19th century, Britain was the dominant coal producer. The country's abundance of coal deposits, particularly in northern England, provided a critical resource that fueled the Industrial Revolution. As Britain's forests became depleted, largely due to the need for building materials and charcoal for heat, coal became the go-to source of energy. The textile industry, especially in northern England, benefitted immensely from the steam power derived from coal, revolutionizing the production of cotton cloth.
By the end of the 1800s, Britain had achieved remarkable advancements in textile machinery, such as the power loom and the 'mule'. However, by 1900, Britain's share of global industrial output began to decline. This was due to other emerging industrial powers, notably Germany and the United States, which were expanding rapidly in terms of manufacturing and industrialization. These countries would later overtake Britain as the leading industrial nations.