Final answer:
In Java, information hiding is implemented using the private and protected keywords, which control access to class members. Private members are accessible only within the class they are declared, while protected members can be accessed by subclasses or classes within the same package.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Java, information hiding is implemented using the private and protected keywords. The private keyword restricts access to the members of a class such that only methods within the same class can access them. The protected keyword, on the other hand, allows access to members of the same class as well as subclasses and classes within the same package. The public keyword is also related to access control but is not specifically about information hiding, as it makes class members accessible from anywhere in the application.
Example: If a variable is declared as private, it can only be accessed within the class it is declared in. Similarly, protected members can be accessed within their own class, in subclasses, and in other classes within the same package. These keywords form an essential part of the Java access control mechanism, providing various levels of information hiding and encapsulation.