Final answer:
The Roman Catholic Church is the group that followed scripture and led the Roman church after Christianity was legalized and embraced by the Roman Empire.
Step-by-step explanation:
The group that chose to follow scripture and led the Roman church is known as the Roman Catholic Church. After the legalization of Christianity by Emperor Constantine in 330 CE and the subsequent adoption of Christianity as the state religion of the Roman Empire, the Roman Catholic Church became the most direct descendant of the Roman state religion. Following the Great Schism in 1054, the Roman Catholic Church under the pope in Rome maintained Latin as its liturgical language and established a strict organizational hierarchy, which included cardinals, archbishops, bishops, and priests. This organizational structure facilitated the Roman Catholic Church's growth into a powerful international organization in western Europe.