Final answer:
The use of monotherapy for hepatitis C in the presence of cirrhosis depends on the genotype of the virus and the severity of cirrhosis. Treatment could include interferon or antivirals like simeprevir and sofosbuvir, but advanced cirrhosis might necessitate more complex treatment or liver transplant.
Step-by-step explanation:
The appropriateness of using monotherapy for a patient with hepatitis C and cirrhosis depends on several factors, including the genotype of the virus and the presence and severity of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is generally irreversible and treatment focuses on preventing progression and complications. In cases of hepatitis C, treatment options include interferon as monotherapy or in combination with other treatments, and newer antivirals such as simeprevir and sofosbuvir. However, the presence of cirrhosis may complicate treatment choices and require more advanced therapies or a liver transplant in severe cases.
Ascites, which is fluid retention in the abdominal cavity, is a common complication of cirrhosis. In the context of viral hepatitis, treatment options are limited and may consist of supportive therapy, rest, fluids, and in some cases, immunoglobulins, and antiviral medications for chronic infections. Vaccines are available to prevent HAV and HBV infections, which can protect against HEV and HDV, respectively, but there is no vaccine against HCV.