Final answer:
The ancient region of Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, is notable for pioneering urban development and agriculture management, leading to the rise of notable cities and complex societies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term Mesopotamia describes the ancient region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, where the first urban centers and complex societies formed. It is known as the cradle of civilization due to innovations such as the wheel, cuneiform writing, and extensive irrigation systems that controlled flooding.
The fertile crescent, another term for the region, epitomizes the development of agriculture and the rise of cities like Ur, Babylon, and Nineveh.
Historically, Mesopotamia lacked natural resources like stone, precious metals, and timber, thus it relied on agricultural trade to secure these materials. The need to protect settlements from flooding and manage agriculture led to cooperative irrigation projects and the formation of governance systems, distinguishing Mesopotamia as a significant cultural and historical area.
The complete question is: hydraulice state- ex is mesopotamia is: