Final answer:
The 4 outer planets referred to as jovian planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. They are characterized by their large size, composition of gases and liquids, and lack a solid surface. Each of these planets is also accompanied by numerous moons and distinctive ring systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
What are the 4 outer planets also known as jovian planets? These are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. They are much larger than the terrestrial planets and lack solid surfaces, being composed primarily of gases and liquids. These planets are immensely large, with Jupiter alone being large enough to fit over 1,300 Earths inside it. The term 'jovian' comes from 'Jove', an alternative name for Jupiter, the largest of these planets in mythology.
These giant planets are significant members of the Sun's solar system family, and each one is surrounded by a collection of moons that orbit them, similar to a miniature solar system. There are nearly 200 moons in the outer solar system, and astronomers believe that there are more to be discovered. Additionally, each of the four jovian planets is encircled by a system of rings, adding to their fascination and complexity.