Final answer:
A circuit with only one path for electron flow is known as a series circuit. It has a single voltage source and a single resistor which can be analyzed using Kirchhoff's rules and Ohm's law.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a circuit is wired so that electrons can flow in only one possible path, the circuit is said to be a series circuit. In a series circuit, there is only one path for current to flow which ensures that the current is the same at every point in the circuit. A simple electric circuit might consist of a voltage source such as a battery, with its positive and negative terminals connected by conductive wires to a load, such as a light bulb or resistor. In the schematic representation, the battery can be indicated by two parallel red lines, the conducting wires by straight lines, and the load, for instance a resistor, by a zigzag line. Such a setup ensures that any resistance, including that of the connections to the voltage source, is considered in the closed path for current flow.
A simple circuit is one in which there is a single voltage source and a single resistor, which can be analyzed using Kirchhoff's rules because there is only one loop and no nodes. Ohm's law, which gives the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance, can also be applied to a simple series circuit.