Final answer:
Peters and Andersen highlight the grave cultural and economic impacts of Indigenous removal, which include forced migration, cultural identity loss, and political disempowerment. Indigenous peoples' philosophies and worldviews have been historically ignored, but there are increasing efforts to recognize their value through activism and research.
Step-by-step explanation:
Peters and Andersen (2013) argue that the removal of Indigenous peoples resulted in significant cultural and economic consequences. Not only were Indigenous peoples forcibly removed from their land, but they were also subjected to various forms of disempowerment and disenfranchisement as a result of colonization and federal policies. This included being prohibited from residing in certain areas, such as the state of Florida shortly after the Indian Removal Act, and being subjected to poor conditions and repeated waves of forced migration, which led to poverty, alienation, and loss of cultural identity. Indigenous critiques highlight the ongoing challenges that Indigenous peoples face, both in terms of political recognition and cultural preservation.
Through a history that includes colonization, removal from traditional lands, signing away land and rights in treaties, forced education in boarding schools, and loss of life and cultural heritage, Indigenous people have been struggling to maintain their sovereignty, lands, resources, and cultural traditions. Indigenous philosophies and worldviews have been systematically ignored or dismissed, making it difficult to engage with them in academic discussions. Despite these challenges, movements and research protocols are emerging to decolonize methodologies and acknowledge the valuable perspectives of Indigenous peoples. Efforts to protect their lands, cultures, and rights continue through various forms of activism and social movements.