Final answer:
Functionalists argue that schools serve manifest and latent functions, including socialization and sorting. Schools also take over some functions traditionally addressed by families. Conflict theorists argue that schools contribute to social inequality.
Step-by-step explanation:
Functionalists argue that schools serve both manifest and latent functions. Manifest functions include socialization, where students are taught societal roles, and sorting, where students are classified based on academic merit. Latent functions include socializing children into behaviors such as teamwork and following a schedule. Schools also take over some functions traditionally addressed by families, such as teaching about human sexuality and basic life skills. Furthermore, conflict theorists argue that schools perpetuate social inequality through disparities in resources.