Final answer:
In physics, materials higher on the electrostatic series chart are more likely to lose electrons and become positively charged. The electrostatic force between charges increases when they come closer together, leading to observable static electricity effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'what are the charges if the object is higher up on the electrostatic chart?' involves understanding electrostatics, a fundamental concept in physics. In physics, an electrostatic series chart lists various materials according to their tendency to gain or lose electrons. Materials higher on the chart are more likely to lose electrons and become positively charged, while those lower are more likely to gain electrons and become negatively charged. The closer together the charges are, the stronger the electrostatic force between them, which can result in electrostatic phenomena such as sparks or static cling.Most objects contain large numbers of charged particles but do not exhibit static electricity because the charges are usually balanced, meaning there is an equal number of positive and negative charges. However, when objects are rubbed together or come into contact, electrons can transfer between surfaces, leading to an imbalance and the emergence of a static charge.