Final answer:
Clinical psychology evolved from the late 19th century, growing significantly after World War II. The cognitive revolution in the 1950s and social change movements influenced its expansion, leading to the broader application of psychological research in clinical practice and community engagement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The brief history of clinical psychology dates back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emerging as a distinct discipline within psychology. It encompasses the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and problematic behaviors. The field expanded significantly in the mid-20th century, especially after World War II, as demand for mental health care surged, and it was influenced by other movements such as the cognitive revolution of the 1950s, which reintroduced the study of mental processes alongside behavioral sciences. Clinical psychology continues to evolve today, integrating new research and approaches to improve mental healthcare.
Developments within clinical psychology often paralleled broader societal changes, including health reforms and social liberation movements. For example, in the 1960s, a group of clinical psychologists was inspired by the social change movements and the optimism following World War II to advance their field, culminating in key conferences and the establishment of community psychology programs such as the ones at DePaul University and the University of Texas at Austin in 1966.
Today, clinical psychology remains a vibrant and diverse area of study with professionals engaged not only in clinical practice but also in research and community-focused initiatives. Its development is a testament to the discipline's adaptability and continued relevance in addressing mental health needs across various contexts.