Final answer:
Compounding is typically regulated by provincial regulatory bodies, focusing on local safety and efficacy standards. Manufacturing, on the other hand, is governed by national agencies like the FDA, but has faced legal challenges regarding federal versus state regulatory authority, as seen in United States v. E. C. Knight.
Step-by-step explanation:
When discussing whether the activity of compounding or manufacturing drugs is regulated by a provincial regulatory body, we navigate the interface between law, pharmacy, and healthcare regulation. Provincial regulatory bodies often oversee the compounding of medications, ensuring that standards for safety and efficacy are met. This is distinct from manufacturing, which may involve large-scale production and is subject to national regulations, such as those enforced by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States. The FDA's role is to regulate the medicines that pharmacies sell to ensure public protection from unsafe drugs. However, the Supreme Court case of United States v. E. C. Knight demonstrated the legal limitations of federal regulation over manufacturing, emphasizing the separation between state and federal jurisdictions.