Final answer:
Iron is the mineral whose lack can lead to anemia and pica. It is important for creating hemoglobin in red blood cells. Iron deficiency is common in certain groups such as children, teens, and those with dietary restrictions or absorption issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mineral whose deficiency may cause anemia and pica is iron. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia and results when there is a lack of iron to produce sufficient heme, which is a component of hemoglobin in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport. This form of anemia is prevalent among teens and children, vegans, vegetarians, and those who have an inability to absorb and transport iron efficiently, or who experience chronic blood loss. Iron-rich foods like red meat, legumes, and spinach are crucial in preventing iron deficiency anemia. Furthermore, pregnant women also need to ensure adequate iron intake to avoid developmental issues like neural tube defects in their offspring.