Final answer:
The pelvic girdle, consisting of hip bones with the fused ilium, ischium, and pubis, attaches the lower limb to the axial skeleton. It provides stability and weight transfer through connections at the sacroiliac joints and the pubic symphysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure that attaches the lower limb to the axial skeleton and transmits the weight of the upper body to the lower limb is the pelvic girdle. The pelvic girdle is made up of two hip bones, each consisting of fused ilium, ischium, and pubis bones. It is securely fastened to the axial skeleton through strong ligaments. The pelvic girdle is responsible for bearing the body's weight and enabling locomotion.
The hip bones articulate with the sacrum posteriorly at the sacroiliac joints and converge anteriorly at the pubic symphysis. These connections, along with the robust ligaments, provide stability and support as the weight transfers from the axial skeleton to the lower limbs during activities such as standing and walking.
Overall, the connection of the pelvic girdle to the axial skeleton plays a crucial role in both support and mobility of the human body. The bones and joints of the pelvic girdle are essential for the attachment and function of the lower limbs.