Final answer:
Junctional tachycardia is an arrhythmia originating from the AV node, distinguished from focal atrial tachycardia by its unique features and response to pacing. It is treated by addressing the underlying cause or by using an artificial pacemaker in chronic cases. Considering it as 'low hanging' focal ATach isn't helpful due to its distinct nature.
Step-by-step explanation:
Junctional tachycardia is a type of arrhythmia where the heart rhythm originates from the atrioventricular (AV) node or immediately around it, rather than from the sinoatrial (SA) node. It's characterized by an increased heart rate and can be triggered by various factors, such as localized ischemia, drug exposure, and autonomic nervous system stimulation. It's essential to differentiate junctional tachycardia from other forms of tachycardia, such as focal atrial tachycardia (ATach), because the therapeutic approach and prognosis may differ. Focal ATach often involves ectopic pacemakers or ectopic foci, which may be anywhere in the atria, and post pacing response helps differentiate these from junctional tachycardia. In the context of post pacing response, it might not be particularly helpful to think of junctional tachycardia as a 'low hanging' focal ATach as they are distinct entities. Junctional rhythms typically present a regular, narrow QRS complex tachycardia and are treated based on the underlying cause. Additionally, it's noteworthy that chronic arrhythmias could lead to a junctional rhythm that maintains the heart's function when the SA node fails to operate properly.
When there is a chronic arrhythmia condition, a cardiologist might implant an artificial pacemaker to restore and maintain a normal heart rhythm. In the case of AV blocks, the AV node may take over as the pacemaker when the SA node is no longer able to generate impulses, maintaining a junctional rhythm adequate enough to sustain consciousness.