Final answer:
Turnstiles and mantraps are security measures used to prevent 'tailgating' by controlling physical access to restricted areas. They are not designed to prevent 'shoulder surfing,' 'rootkits,' or 'viruses,' which are digital security threats.
Step-by-step explanation:
Turnstiles and other mantraps are security mechanisms used to prevent unauthorized access to a secured area. They are designed to allow passage to only one person at a time. These devices are effective at preventing tailgating, which is when an unauthorized person follows closely behind another person to gain access to a restricted area without proper authentication.
Shoulder surfing is a technique used to obtain personal information by looking over someone's shoulder, typically used to gather passwords or other sensitive data. Mantraps may deter shoulder surfers if they prevent close physical proximity within a secured area, but they are not specifically designed to prevent this form of spying.
Rootkits and viruses are types of malware that infect computers to gain unauthorized access or cause damage. Mantraps do not protect against these digital threats since their purpose is to control physical access.