Final answer:
The data from both the yellow buntings' reactions to butterflies and the small birds' calls demonstrate how behaviors of one species can affect natural selection in another, illustrating dynamic evolutionary relationships.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship between predator and prey species is a classic example of natural selection influencing evolutionary traits. In the case of yellow buntings and butterflies, the data illustrating that the buntings frequently showed a fleeing behavior when encountering butterflies with eyespots support the claim that traits reducing likelihood of predation, such as eyespots, could be selected against. This demonstrates that a prey species' response can directly affect the evolutionary traits of another species. The call analysis of small birds further reinforces this: the communication of information via different calls can influence selection pressures, such that calls that do not alert predators may be favored. Both examples highlight the dynamic interplay between species and how behavior can drive evolutionary changes.