Final answer:
The Oresteia is the only trilogy from ancient Greek theatre that has completely survived. It consists of three plays: Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers, and The Eumenides, and was written by Aeschylus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The trilogy written by Aeschylus that is the only one known to have survived from ancient Greek theatre is called the Oresteia. This dramatic trilogy consists of the plays Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers, and The Eumenides. It vividly portrays the story of the House of Atreus and was first performed in 458 BCE. The Oresteia represents a monumental work in the context of Greek drama and is particularly noteworthy since it is the sole complete trilogy that has reached us today.
Greek theatre evolved from dithyrambs and over time featured aesthetic innovations such as reduced chorus sizes and the introduction of additional actors on stage, which allowed for more complex storytelling and the development of tragedy and comedy. Well-known festivals like the City Dionysia in Athens were pivotal in advancing Greek theatre, where poets like Aeschylus and his contemporaries Sophocles and Euripides competed with their plays, pondering philosophical questions and engaging the audience through catharsis.