Final answer:
MARPOL is an international treaty that aims to prevent pollution from ships. It applies to ships engaged in international voyages and certain ships operating in the waters of countries that have ratified MARPOL. Vessels subject to MARPOL requirements include various types of ships, such as oil tankers, chemical tankers, and passenger ships.
Step-by-step explanation:
MARPOL stands for the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution by Ships. It is an international treaty designed to minimize pollution from ships, including pollution caused by oily substances, sewage, garbage, and ballast water. The requirements of MARPOL apply to all ships engaged in international voyages, as well as certain ships operating within the waters of a country that has ratified MARPOL.
Vessels subject to the requirements of MARPOL include oil tankers, chemical tankers, liquefied gas carriers, bulk carriers, passenger ships, and fishing vessels of certain sizes. These vessels are required to have specific equipment and systems onboard to prevent and manage pollution, such as oil filtering systems, sewage treatment plants, and garbage management plans. They are also required to comply with regulations related to ballast water management to prevent the spread of invasive species.