Final answer:
The shell script assigns a directory path to a variable, checks if that directory exists, and if not, creates it using the mkdir command.
Step-by-step explanation:
The shell script in question is designed to check if a directory exists and to create the directory if it does not already exist. The variable FOO is first assigned the value /tmp/foo, which is a file path. The script then checks if there is a directory at that path using the test command ([ ! -d $FOO ]). If the directory does not exist (! -d $FOO evaluates to true), the script proceeds to create the directory using the mkdir command (mkdir $FOO). If the directory already exists, the script does nothing.