Final answer:
Dysmetria, dyssynergia, and dysdiadochokinesia are evaluated through tests like the Romberg test for balance, the finger-to-nose test for coordination, eye movement tracking for ocular muscle function, station subtests for posture and gait, and tests for rapid alternating movements for cerebellar function.
Step-by-step explanation:
Tests for dysmetria, dyssynergia, and dysdiadochokinesis assess the function of the cerebellum and coordination of movement. One such test is the Romberg test, which measures proprioception by having the patient stand with feet together and eyes closed to maintain balance without visual input. Another test is the finger-to-nose test, where a patient alternates touching their finger to the examiner's and then to their nose, requiring coordination and motor planning.
Testing eye movement involves tracking an object through the visual field, assessing the function of nuclei and pathways like the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). In the examination of posture and gait, one subtest called station checks for balance by having the patient stand and then hop on one foot. The ability to perform rapid, alternating movements, such as touching each finger to the thumb, is also tested to evaluate cerebrocerebellar coordination.