Final answer:
The statement about psychology's early dominant schools is false. Functionalism and Psychoanalysis were indeed influential, but Pragmatism is not a school of psychology, and behaviorism and humanism became significant later on.
Step-by-step explanation:
The claim that during the early days of psychology, there were three dominant schools of thought - Functionalism, Psychoanalysis, and Pragmatism - is false. The early 20th century of American psychology was primarily influenced by behaviorism and psychoanalysis. Psychologists such as William James, John Dewey, and Charles Sanders Peirce were indeed pivotal in the development of Functionalism, which focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment. Psychoanalysis, pioneered by Sigmund Freud, focused on the role of the unconscious mind in shaping behavior. However, Pragmatism is a philosophy primarily concerned with action and practical thinking, not a school of thought in psychology. Notably, behaviorism became influential later, emphasizing overt behavior and discounting unobservable mental processes. Additionally, humanism, another important psychological perspective emphasizing innate human goodness and potential, only emerged later as a reaction against the deterministic views of psychoanalysis and behaviorism.