Final answer:
Increasing barriers to entry is not an effect of e-commerce; e-commerce typically lowers barriers, allowing for greater market access.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question about the effects of using e-commerce seeks to identify which one listed is not an effect of e-commerce on businesses and markets. Answer d. Increasing barriers to entry is actually not an effect of e-commerce; quite the opposite, e-commerce tends to lower barriers to entry in markets by allowing small businesses and individuals to reach a broader audience with lower overhead costs. The other choices, a. Enhancing collaboration, b. Multiplying market niches, and c. Changing marketplace drivers, all accurately describe effects of e-commerce. E-commerce enhances collaboration through digital communication, multiplies market niches by providing niche products to a wide audience, and changes marketplace drivers by shifting the focus to factors like digital marketing and logistics.