Final answer:
The Vedas, which are the oldest texts of Hinduism and include philosophical teachings, are written in Sanskrit. They were composed by the Aryans, who also established the caste system in India, with the Brahmans occupying the highest tier.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Vedas are written in Sanskrit. They are the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism, composed between 1500 and 900 BCE by the Indo-Aryan tribes who settled in northern India. The Vedic India period is defined by the composition and oral tradition of these texts. Furthermore, the transmission and interpretation of the Vedas played a crucial role in the formation of early Indian philosophy, which includes both religious and philosophical teachings.
The followers of the Vedas, known as Aryans, were also the group who originated the Hindu caste system. The highest tier in this caste system was occupied by the Brahmans. The Aryans brought the hymns called the Vedas to India, which contain traces of their rituals and societal norms.