Final answer:
The computer type with extensive processing power designed for organizational processing is the Mainframe. It is distinct from supercomputers, server farms, personal computers, and embedded processors, each of which serves different purposes in computing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of computer with a large relative processing power typically used for organizational processing is a Mainframe.
Mainframes are powerful computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and transaction processing.
The option that reflects this in the provided question is 'c) Mainframe'
A supercomputer (option b) is used mainly for scientific and engineering purposes that require immense amounts of calculations such as processing a large amount of experimental results on the molecules and their motion.
By contrast, server farms (option a) refer to a collection of computer servers usually maintained by an organization to accomplish server needs far beyond the capability of one machine.
Personal Computers (PC) (option d) are general-purpose computers designed for individual use, and embedded processors (option e) are integrated into other devices, not typically known for organizational processing tasks.
As for the most important commodity in a postindustrial society, the answer is 'c. Information'. This highlights the transition from manual labor-based industries to more knowledge-based services.
A software developer would work in the quaternary sector of an economy, which deals with knowledge and information services.
Lastly, in an information society, a powerful position would likely be held by a 'a. Software engineer' rather than a 'b. Coal miner.'