Final answer:
Studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil may reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes, but the benefits of supplementation are mixed and often depend on an individual's existing dietary intake of omega-3s. Supplements are not a substitute for a healthy diet and may be specifically recommended for those not consuming sufficient seafood.
Step-by-step explanation:
Research indicates that omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have various cardiovascular benefits. These benefits include potentially lowering the risk of sudden death from heart attacks, reducing triglyceride levels in the blood, lowering blood pressure, and preventing blood clot formation. Despite these findings, results from studies on the effectiveness of fish oil supplements have been inconsistent. An observed issue in studies is the failure to measure participants' baseline omega-3 levels which may affect outcomes; individuals with already adequate omega-3 intake might experience lesser benefits from supplementation.
While the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend the consumption of 8 ounces of seafood weekly, for those who do not regularly eat fish, doctors may recommend omega-3 or fish oil supplements to help prevent cardiovascular issues. Yet, it is emphasized that supplements are not substitutes for a healthy diet and lifestyle. Overall, a diet high in unsaturated fatty acids, primarily from sources like salmon, tuna, and herring, is thought to reduce heart disease risk more effectively than a diet high in saturated fats.