Final answer:
Epiphyseal arteries enter the metaphysis to supply red bone marrow and bone tissue. The entry point for these arteries and accompanying nerves is the nutrient foramen found in the diaphysis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Epiphyseal arteries enter the metaphysis of a long bone and, together with the nutrient artery, supply the red bone marrow and bone tissue of the metaphyses. The arteries and nerves gain entry to the bone through the nutrient foramen, which are small openings in the diaphysis. The spongy bone and medullary cavity are nourished by these arteries. The osteocytes in spongy bone receive nutrients through blood vessels from the periosteum that penetrate the spongy bone and blood circulating in the marrow cavities. Additionally, nerves accompany the blood vessels and focus on metabolically active regions of the bone, playing roles in regulating blood supplies and bone growth.