Final answer:
Pangloss from Voltaire's Candide is accused of heresy because his optimism conflicts with the church's teachings on original sin and imperfection.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question refers to a character named Pangloss from Voltaire's satirical novel Candide. In the story, one of the officers of the Inquisition accuses Pangloss of heresy because an optimist, which Pangloss is known to be, cannot possibly believe in original sin and the inherent imperfection of the world, which contradicts the teachings of the church at that time.