Final answer:
The Berlin Blockade was caused by post-WWII tensions, with the Soviets cutting off access to West Berlin. It was resolved through the Berlin Airlift by the Western Allies, where supplies were flown in until the Soviets lifted the blockade.
Step-by-step explanation:
The events that caused the Berlin Blockade were rooted in the post-World War II tensions between the Soviet Union and the Western Allies, primarily the United States, Great Britain, and France. The blockade was a result of the Soviets attempting to push the Western Allied powers out of Berlin by cutting off all land and water routes to the city's Western sectors. The blockade was ultimately resolved by the Airlift by the Western Allies, known as the Berlin Airlift, an operation where supplies were flown into West Berlin. This operation lasted nearly a year, from June 1948 to May 1949, involving more than 270,000 flights that carried nearly 2.5 million tons of supplies. The resolve shown by the Western Allies through the airlift led the Soviets to lift the blockade on May 12, 1949, and subsequently, the Federal Republic of Germany was formed. In response to the introduction of the Deutsche Mark and other perceived provocations in West Berlin, the Soviet Union initiated the blockade in an effort to force the Allies (United States, United Kingdom, and France) out of West Berlin. In response, the Western Allies organized the Berlin Airlift, a massive operation to airlift supplies into West Berlin. This continued for almost a year, from June 1948 to May 1949, ensuring that the residents of West Berlin had access to essential goods. The blockade was eventually lifted, marking a significant Cold War episode.