Final answer:
The connection between the Haftarah and the Torah reading is Thematic, chosen for its relevant theme or message. As for languages, related languages have evolved from the same older language.
Step-by-step explanation:
The connection between the Haftarah and the Torah reading is generally Thematic. Haftarah refers to a series of selections from the books of Nevi'im ("Prophets") of the Hebrew Bible that is publicly read in synagogue as part of Jewish religious practice. The reading follows the Torah reading on each Sabbath and on Jewish festivals and fast days. The Haftarah does not necessarily have a chronological, geographical, or linguistic connection to the Torah portion; instead, it is selected because it contains a theme or message that reflects on the Torah portion or on the current religious observances.
To address the second question, for two languages to be related means that they evolved from the same older language, rather than being spoken in the same country or region or being written in the same alphabet.