Final answer:
The researcher's statement is called a hypothesis, which is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon and serves as a foundation for further investigation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement, "Breed of dog and ability to learn guide dog skills are related," is called a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon, used as a starting point for further investigation. In the context of this statement, the researcher is suggesting that there may be a connection between the breed of a dog and its potential to learn specific skills required for guide dogs, which would likely be tested and explored through scientific research such as genetic studies or behavioural assessments.