Final answer:
The basal layers of the food web around Antarctic pack ice consist of phytoplankton, zooplankton, arctic char/cod, ringed seals, and polar bears, while the food web in the Arctic on land includes lichen/shrub, caribou/hare/small rodent, and fox/lynx/bird of prey.
Step-by-step explanation:
The basal layers of the food web around Antarctic pack ice consist of phytoplankton, zooplankton, arctic char/cod, ringed seals, and polar bears. Phytoplankton are microscopic plants that form the foundation of the food web by photosynthesis. Zooplankton are small animals that consume phytoplankton or other zooplankton. Arctic char/cod are fish that feed on zooplankton. Ringed seals are the primary prey of polar bears.
In the Arctic, the food web on land includes lichen/shrub, caribou/hare/small rodent, and fox/lynx/bird of prey. Lichen and shrubs are eaten by caribou, hare, and small rodents. These herbivorous animals are then preyed upon by foxes, lynxes, and birds of prey.