Final answer:
Sexual reproduction, through meiosis and the random combination of gametes, is true for producing genetic variation among offspring. Crossing-over, independent assortment, and random fertilization each contribute to this process, ensuring each offspring is genetically unique.
Step-by-step explanation:
True, sexual reproduction involves gametes that are produced through the process of meiosis, leading to genetic variation among offspring. Sexual reproduction combines the genetic material from two parents, and this process involves several mechanisms that contribute to genetic variation: crossing-over, independent assortment, and the random union of gametes during fertilization.
Crossing-over and Independent Assortment in Meiosis
During meiosis, crossing-over allows for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, creating new combinations of genes. Independent assortment refers to the way chromosomes are randomly divided into gametes, ensuring that each gamete contains a unique set of genetic information.
Random Union of Gametes
The concept of random fertilization adds another layer of variation, as any sperm can fuse with any egg, making the genetic combination of each zygote highly unique.
Overall, the myriad of combinations produced through these mechanisms make sexual reproduction a potent source of genetic variation, which can be substantially beneficial for the adaptive and evolutionary success of species.