Final answer:
The space posterior to the bladder is called the retropubic space, situated between the pubic symphysis and the anterior wall of the bladder.
Step-by-step explanation:
The space posterior to the bladder is called the retropubic space (also known as the space of Retzius). This space is located between the posterior surface of the pubic symphysis and the anterior wall of the urinary bladder. It is a preperitoneal space in the pelvic cavity. While the paravesical fossa refers to spaces next to the bladder within the pelvis, and the vesicouterine pouch and rectouterine pouch are specific to females, located between the bladder and the uterus, and the uterus and rectum, respectively.