Final answer:
The trachea, or windpipe, extends about 10 to 15 centimeters (4-6 inches) from the larynx, making the correct answer Option 3: 15 centimeters.
Step-by-step explanation:
The trachea, also known as the windpipe, extends from the larynx toward the lungs and is an essential part of the respiratory tract. The trachea measures approximately 10 to 15 centimeters (4-6 inches) in length, therefore the correct answer to the question of how far from the larynx the trachea extends is Option 3: 15 centimeters. This tubular structure is composed of 16 to 20 C-shaped pieces of hyaline cartilage connected by dense connective tissue, aiding in both maintaining an open air passage and providing structural support to prevent collapse during the inhalation and exhalation processes.