Final answer:
The rapidly growing cranial limb of the midgut forms the small intestine, which is vital for nutrient digestion and absorption. The cecum connects to the appendix, the mesocolon supports the large intestine, and herbivores have a longer digestive tract to aid in the digestion of plant materials.
Step-by-step explanation:
The limb of the midgut that grows more rapidly is the cranial limb. This limb forms the majority of the small intestine, which includes the duodenum, jejunum, and part of the ileum. The small intestine is crucial for digestion and nutrient absorption. Within the fully developed digestive system, the small intestine performs essential roles, such as the majority of fat digestion. If the villi of the small intestine were damaged, it would greatly impair the body's ability to absorb nutrients, leading to various health issues.
The cecum is the part of the large intestine to which the appendix is attached. The large intestine has several functions, including the absorption of water and the movement of semi-solid waste by wave-like muscle contractions known as peristalsis. The mesentery is a membrane that supports the intestines, including the mesocolon, which covers the large intestine. The falciform ligament is associated more with suspending the liver rather than covering the stomach.
The digestive tracts of herbivores and carnivores differ. Herbivores, which consume plant material, have a longer digestive tract to optimize nutrient absorption due to the complexity of breaking down plant matter. This is important when comparing the digestive systems of different organisms.