Final answer:
The uterus is retracted anteriorly in the abdomen due to the round ligament of the uterus, not directly by any arteries. However, it is vascularized by the ovarian arteries and the uterine arteries which are branches of the internal iliac artery.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the abdomen, the uterus is retracted anteriorly due to the round ligament of the uterus, which is not specifically part of the arterial system. However, the ovarian arteries supply blood to the ovaries, uterine tubes, and the uterus, and anastomose with the uterine artery that supplies blood to the uterus. The uterine arteries are branches of the internal iliac artery and provide the primary vascular support for the uterus, but they do not cause retraction of the uterus itself in any direction.