Final answer:
d) Texas First-Time Homebuyer Program
The Texas First-Time Homebuyer Program is the correct choice for a low-income Texas resident seeking assistance with down payment and closing costs for their first home purchase. While the FHA and VA programs have historically provided home loans, they have also reflected past discriminatory lending practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
A low-income Texas resident purchasing their first home and seeking down payment and closing cost assistance could apply to the Texas First-Time Homebuyer Program. Other programs like the FHA Loan Program, VA Loan Program, and USDA Rural Development Program also exist to help various groups of people, such as veterans or those looking to buy homes in rural areas, respectively. The FHA was created to stimulate the housing market and increase homeownership by providing federally guaranteed home loans. Despite the original intention, programs like the FHA and VA have had historically mixed outcomes with respect to racial and income equality, often reflecting the discriminatory practices of their times. Nevertheless, the Texas First-Time Homebuyer Program is more specifically targeted to assist low-income first-time homebuyers in Texas with their initial home purchase costs.