Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is c) Cholesterol; plaque. It's important to limit saturated fats to maintain heart health.
Step-by-step explanation:
Saturated fats stimulate cholesterol synthesis, which can lead to plaque building up inside arteries. This plaque build-up increases the risk of high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke. The correct answer to the question is c) Cholesterol; plaque. Dietary cholesterol and certain types of fats, particularly saturated fats and trans fats, can raise the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL or 'bad' cholesterol) in the blood. Trans fats, for instance, are produced by the hydrogenation of oils and contribute to increased LDL cholesterol levels.
Foods high in saturated fats, such as butter, cheese, and fatty meats, can increase the risk of atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries, causing them to narrow and potentially block blood flow. On the other hand, a diet rich in unsaturated fats, notably omega-3 fatty acids found in cold-water fish like salmon, is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease. To support cardiovascular health, it is advised to limit the intake of saturated fats and choose healthier fats such as those found in vegetable oils.